Tratamento de efluente de uma indústria de laticínios, por meio do processo Fenton, visando seu reuso

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The dairy industry, characterized by the processing of milk, is a large generator of industrial effluent, producing waste with a high degree of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), due to the characteristics of its raw material. This dissertation aimed to apply the Fenton Process in the treatment of effluents from a dairy industry, aiming to evaluate the possibilities of reuse and release into a receiving body, based on release patterns and determine optimal treatment conditions. Effluent samples from the Mochuara Dairy industry were collected and sent to IFES, Campus Vitória for characterization based on the parameters: color, conductivity, BOD, COD, pH, TSS and turbidity. Bench tests and eight optimization tests were then carried out, varying pH, [H2O2] and [Fe2+], in order to obtain optimal treatment conditions. The efficiency of the treatability tests was evaluated in relation to the removal of the parameters: BOD, COD, TSS and turbidity. The results were spreadsheeted to determine efficiency and compare them with COPAM/CERH 12/2022, with the best efficiency criterion being adopted as the one that obtained acceptable values in relation to legislation and used the smallest amount of reagent. The Fenton Process offers an efficient and sustainable solution for reducing the load of pollutants, minimizing negative environmental impacts associated with this type of industry. Test 1 was the most efficient using the condition: pH = 2 (adjusted to 7 for disposal), [H2O2] = 9.6 g/L and [Fe2+] = 1.0 g/L, obtaining BOD removals = 87.6%, COD = 95.5%, TSS = 99.6% and turbidity = 99.5%, at the end of 60 minutes of treatment, obtaining results in accordance with legislation and with a smaller amount of reagent. The feasibility of reusing the effluent was analyzed using the “Muuu” decision-making spreadsheet, with an indication of reuse being observed for the routes Washing sidewalks and floors, flushing toilets and water for cleaning in the food industry, however, for confirmation it is necessary to carry out complete analyzes to confirm this interpretation.